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Competitive sports and genetic enhancement of athletes
While the leap from laboratory animals to human beings is still hypothetical, the speakers in this AAAS symposium predicted human trials of gene enhancement for muscle diseases in the near future.
The participants discussed the scientific concerns associated with the expected "off-label" application of genetic tools in athletic settings outside the reach of regulatory and review bodies. Pressure for effective and less detectable methods for altering athletic physiology from groups within the lucrative, high-profile world of competitive athletics could spur such off-label uses of genetic enhancements. Thomas Murray, bioethicist and president of The Hastings Center, described interdisciplinary research focused on ethical issues relating to endurance enhancements. Can banned endurance enhancement practices, such as taking erythropoietin (EPO), the naturally occurring hormone that stimulates the body to produce more red blood cells, be distinguished from allowed practices such as "train-low-and-rest-high" regimens? What are the ethical reasons from banning some endurance enhancement techniques and allowing others? How should these distinctions be drawn? Is the ethics of competitive athletics connected to the meaning we attach to sports? If so, do meanings change? |
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Donald Catlin, the head of the laboratory at UCLA that recently identified the previously unknown designer steroid, THG, outlined current pharmacological doping methods and banned substances. Catlin described how steroids get on the banned list, how THG is unique, and what the lab went through to identify this new steroid. Finally, Richard Pound from the World Anti-Doping Agency and McGill University provided an international perspective on genetic enhancement and athletics. With respect to genetic enhancements for competitive athletes, Pound explained that the present is much the same as the debate about performance enhancing drugs thirty or forty years ago– a time when regulatory mechanisms and detection techniques were not in place. |
How to increase your performance on the sporting field. Do you want to give yourself an edge over other athletes? Strength training with free weights or weight machines may help you meet these goals.
You are having a great season on the sporting field when suddenly you have to deal with a sprained ankle or a torn ligament in your knee. It's not a season ending injury, but you will miss several weeks you weren't planning on missing. How do you respond and what do you do?
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