college sport

Title IX a good law, a bad regulation  

Thousands of male athletes - mainly in such sports as wrestling, gymnastics and swimming- have lost their opportunity to play at college level.

Here is what can happen when liberty-scoffing bureaucrats and law-ignoring judges - cheered on by ideological fanatics - get hold of a well-meaning, super-achieving law. They can twist it into something despotic, overlaying the good with huge amounts of bad, and they can sometimes get away with it even if their actions contravene the law's language.



I am not speaking theoretical case, but about Title IX, the 1972 amendment to the 1964 Civil Rights Act. It banned sexual discrimination in public and private educational institutions, and one consequence - abetted by cultural change and another amendment - was an enormous and healthy leap in the number of women participating in sports.

But bureaucrats in the Office of Civil Rights, fearful that someone, somewhere might not be goose-stepping in accordance with their wishes, did exactly what the law forbade. Critics note they made use of numbers showing "imbalances" in order to fix things up. More specifically, the bureaucrats implemented a proportionality system as a criterion of compliance. Under it, the percentage of women and men in sports had to be in very close ratios to their total percentage in the student body. Get out of line and you put your federal funding at risk.

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Can any non-bureaucrat consider this idea for more than a couple of minutes without seeing some of what is wrong with it? What happens if a far greater percentage of men on a campus are interested in sports than women? And if you have a budget that goes so far and no further, won't you have to drop some men's program to add some women's programs that are not so much desired as mandated by a numerical formula?

Scan news accounts and commentaries on the issue, and what you find is endless evidence that this law that has done so much good has, in the hands of the regulators, done large amounts of harm as well. Some 400 men's teams have disappeared because of it. Thousands of male athletes - mostly in such sports as wrestling, swimming and gymnastics - no longer have the opportunities they once had. One sports writer talks very sadly of the disappearance of programs that produced Olympic medal winners. And for what? To satisfy a quota system that has scant relation to the actual wishes of women to compete in athletics.

A presidential commission has come at least partly to the rescue. One proposal is to poll students on whether they want to play sports and to use those numbers in determining compliance. Another is to lean more heavily on two other criteria besides proportionality in determining compliance. Those are to demonstrate that the wish for participation is being accommodated and to have a record of extending chances for women to participate. Education Secretary Rod Paige must embrace these methods for them to be incorporated as enforcement techniques for the law. The Associated Press quotes him as being "pleased" at the commission's work.

I think the group should have gone further and scrapped the proportionality test altogether. Reportedly, there was considerable sentiment to do that, but also disagreements as to how.

Some critics seem to think the commission was phony, but it did not include members of a coaches group that filed suit to get the compliance standards overturned. That group did pronounce itself pleased with the recommendations as at least a start to more equity in how the law works. If more equity does not ensue - if the proportionality test should continue in effect as it has to date - it would seem to me their court case is a very good one.

The executive director of the Women's Sports Foundation is quoted as thinking great harm could be done because of the recommendations. But why - because an irrational formula has been dropped? Is it just numbers that matter, or fairness and the extension of opportunities for those seeking them?

And is there no reason for those of us who believe in liberty to agree with those arguing that it is an outrage that a law that was meant to end discrimination has been used by an overzealous government to bring about discrimination?

That is not the way America is supposed to work.

Title IX, has expanded opportunities for women in education and sports programs. The law states that no person can be excluded from participation in programs or activities on the basis of sex.

The percentage of girls playing high school sports has increased dramatically since Congress approved Title IX, increasing from the neighborhood of 3 percent to more than 33 percent.

The first thing Jamie Moffatt wants to make clear is that he is not trying to trash Title IX. But he firmly believes Title IX is broken and needs to be repaired.

The concept of strict proportionality - where scholarships must precisely match percentage of enrollment - is not logical.
Generally, women are as interested in sports participation as men.

Fairness, however, is seldom that simple. The fact is that, because of the budget cuts necessitated by compliance to Title IX, female athletes are now accommodated more completely than their male counterparts.

The National Women's Law Center said the Bush Administration "weakened" Title IX. They claimed that the "Department of Education makes it easy for schools to escape their responsibility under Title IX."

"They say that Title IX is under attack and it is not. They say that Griffith was attacking Title IX, and he didn't. He was just trying to reform Title IX," said Pearson.

Title IX is no longer just a civil-rights measure that guarantees equal opportunity for women in college athletics but is now seen as a rigid rule based on strict proportionality that does more to harm men than it does to help women.

Since most NCAA schools remain well short of proportional compliance, it is natural to assume relaxing Title IX's requirements would only exacerbate the existing gender disparity.

Former Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights Norma Cantu candidly acknowledges her desire to rebut the widely held view that Title IX is responsible for the decline in the number of men's sports opportunities.

The three sports of swimming, track, and wrestling that bring home the most Olympic medals for the United States have been hit the hardest by Title IX.

"These are perilous times," said Brand. "The future of Title IX is uncertain. We do not know what Secretary Paige will do with the recommendations of the Commission on Opportunity in Athletics."

When it comes to cutting men's track programs, West Virginia is hardly alone. In the last few years, universities such as St. John's, Tulane, Vermont, Toledo and Bowling Green have all axed their men's track teams.

While 96 NCAA colleges scratched wrestling from 1980-90, only 20 programs have been dropped in the past five years. Supporters point to several reasons why wrestling should not be cut.

 Title IX improving the application of current Federal standards for measuring equal opportunity."

And, these are the people, who, for whatever reasons (such as Title IX) are not adding new wrestling teams to college athletics.

Part 1   Women enjoy a distinct advantage over men in college athletics.
Part 2   Bakke believed that his rejections were in direct violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment.
Part 3   Football seems to be the issue when dealing with scholarships. A school is permitted 85 scholarships for football.
Part 4   When Title IX was created it was crafted with intent to make it easy for schools to comply with its guidelines.
Part 5   For the first time since 1968, the USA freestyle wrestlers failed to win a single gold medal.
Part 6   Every college is required to have a designated Title IX coordinator.
Part 7   Over 110,000 women participated in intercollegiate sports. Where as in 1971 just about 25,000 participated.

 

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