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martial arts training safety tips
Exercises
that develop strength, balance and flexibility are integral to training
and aid injury prevention
Due to the ever increasing popularity of martial arts, and the
official adoption of taekwondo as an Olympic sport in 2000, countless numbers of
kids and adults alike have taken up the ancient art of defense either as a
competitive sport, self defense technique, or simply for exercise and to
decrease stress.
While there are many different styles, such as taekwondo, hapkido, and karate, there is still potential for injury. In 2003, the Consumer
Product Safety Commission reported more than 70,000 injuries related to martial
arts were treated in hospitals, doctors’ offices, clinics, ambulatory surgery
centers and emergency rooms.
Some styles of martial arts may be considered as much of a
contact sport as football, for example, the training is very different. Unlike
other sports where weightlifting to build muscle mass and strength is very
important, success in martial arts is built on strategy, technique, mental
discipline, endurance and flexibility. “Training with your own body weight used
as resistance or working with light weights are preferred methods of
preparation,” says Sherwin Ho, MD, orthopedic surgeon and associate professor
of surgery, Section of Orthopedics at the University of Chicago. “Exercises
that serve to develop strength, balance and flexibility are integral to martial
arts training and help prevent injury,” Dr. Ho added.
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Sprains, strains and contusions or
bruising are some of the more common injuries associated with practicing
martial arts. Strains can occur in both muscles and tendons and are caused
by a sudden and extreme force that is greater than that area’s ability to
handle. Bruising is another common injury seen in martial arts, occurring
both in soft tissue areas, and also to bones.
When someone is struck on a bony surface, there may not be
any discoloration, or swelling, but the impact may cause small fractures in
the outer layers of the bone, which may take weeks to heal completely.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons offers these tips for
martial arts participants to train and compete safely:
- Exercise to strengthen the stabilizer muscles: rotator cuff muscles
and hip adductors (inner thigh muscles or groins) and abductors (muscles
on the outermost part of the hip), which help to support the back and
hips—critical to this activity
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- Maintain proper breathing techniques when practicing martial arts to
avoid injury—breathing out during the contraction portion of any
stretching movement, and breathing in during the extension portion of any
stretching movement
- Consult with a physician before beginning your conditioning to
establish your readiness
- Train under the direction of a martial arts instructor who focuses on
form and technique, rather than competitive strategy
- Wear the appropriate protective gear for your type of activity; for
example, taekwondo, as a full contact sport, requires a head guard, a body
protector, forearm and shin guards, and a groin guard .
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