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The origins of football
The Greek game "episkyros", relatively little of which has been handed down to the present day, was much more robust, similar to the Roman game "Harpastum". The latter was played with a smaller ball with 2 teams contesting the game on a rectangular ground marked by boundary lines and a centre-line.
The object of the game was to get the ball over the opponents' boundary lines. The ball was passed between players and trickery was the order of the day. Each team member had his own specific tactical assignment and the spectators took a vociferous interest in the proceedings and the score. The role of the feet in this game was so small as scarcely to be of consequence. This game remained popular for seven-hundred to eight-hundred years, but, although the Romans took it to England with them, it is doubtful whether it can really be considered as a forerunner of contemporary football. |
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The same applies for hurling, a popular game with the Celts, which is played even today in Cornwall and Ireland. It is possible that influences were passed onto the modern game, but it is certain that the decisive development of the game of football with which we are now familiar took place in England and Scotland. The game that flourished in the British Isles from the eighth to the nineteenth centuries had a considerable variety of local and regional rules and variations - which were subsequently put together to form the present day sports of association football and rugby. They were substantially different from all the previously known forms - more disorganized, more violent, more spontaneous and usually played by an indefinite number of players. |
Frequently, the games took the form of a heated contest between whole rural communities or townships - through streets, across fields, hedges, village squares, fences and streams. Kicking was allowed, as in fact was almost everything else.
However, in some of these games kicking was out of the question due to the size and weight of the ball being used.
In such cases, kicking was instead employed to fell or drop opponents. Incidentally, it was not until 9 years after the football rules had been established for the 1st time in 1863 that the size and weight of the ball were finally agreed upon. Up to that time, agreement on this point had usually been reached by the parties concerned when they were arranging the match, as was the case for the game between London and Sheffield in 1866. This match was also the 1st where the duration of the game was prearranged for 1 1/2 hours.
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