Does it enhance exercise performance? Are all forms of creatine alike? Does the inclusion of other nutrients enhance the effects of creatine supplementation? Are there documented or potential side effects? Are there potential clinical uses for creatine supplementation? Findings reveal that creatine ingestion enhances exercise performance involving short periods of extremely powerful activity (anaerobic) as well as strength gains during strength training programs. Creatine supplementation does not increase maximal isometric strength, the rate of maximal force production, nor aerobic exercise performance. A high dose of 20 grams per day, common to many research studies, is not necessary; three grams/day will achieve the same increase in phosphocreatine given time. Also noteworthy, creatine supplementation leads to weight gain within the first few days, likely due to water retention related to creatine uptake in the muscle. An important part of the statement noted that changes in muscle do not mimic adaptive changes, and cannot replace the necessity and value of training.

Much of the widespread use of creatine by professional athletes, elite sports competitors, collegiate athletes, amateur and recreational athletes, and hopeful teenage athletes has taken place without the benefit of understanding applicable research. Creatine supplementation is perceived as relatively safe, but there has been little real critical evaluation of its health implications.